在vue项目中,与API接口交互时,通常使用的是axios库,它是基于promise的http库,可运行在浏览器端和node.js中。他有很多优秀的特性,例如拦截请求和响应、取消请求、转换json、客户端防御cSRF等功能 当项目中API接口过多时,方便开发以及接口变更时修改请求地址,推荐将接口进行封装,整齐的api就像电路板一样,即使再复杂也能很清晰整个线路。
安装axios
npm install axios -S
创建相关目录文件

request.js配置
import axios from 'axios'
import router from "@/router";
export function request(config) {
// 创建axios的实例
const instance = axios.create({
baseURL: 'https://api.shop.eduwork.cn',
timeout: 10000
})
// 请求拦截器配置
instance.interceptors.request.use(config => {
// config.headers.Authorization = window.sessionStorage.getItem('token')
return config
}, error => {
console.log(error)
return Promise.error(error)
}
)
// 响应拦截器配置
instance.interceptors.response.use(response => {
console.log(response)
return response.data
}, error => {
switch (error.response.status) {
case 401:
console.log("无权访问")
router.push({path: '/login'})
break
case 403:
console.log("token过期啦")
router.push({path: '/login'})
break
case 404:
console.log("404啦")
router.push({path: '/404'})
break
default:
return Promise.reject(error)
}
return Promise.reject(error)
})
// 发送真正的网络请求
return instance(config);
}
export default request
http.js配置
import {request} from './request'
const http = {
get(url, params) {
const config = {
method: 'get',
url: url
}
if (params) config.params = params
return request(config)
},
post(url, params) {
const config = {
method: 'post',
url: url
}
if (params) config.data = params
return request(config)
},
put(url, params) {
const config = {
method: 'put',
url: url
}
if (params) config.params = params
return request(config)
},
delete(url, params) {
const config = {
method: 'post',
url: url
}
if (params) config.params = params
return request(config)
}
}
export default http
home.js配置
按照页面,每个页面创建一个js文件,统一管理api请求方式和地址
import http from './http'
export function getHomeAllData(){
return http.get('/api/index')
}
vue组件发起请求
<template>
<h1>首页</h1>
</template>
<script>
import {onMounted} from 'vue'
import {getHomeAllData} from '@/api/home'
export default {
name: 'Home',
components: {},
setup() {
onMounted(() => {
getHomeAllData().then((response) => {
console.log('正常响应')
console.log(response)
}).catch(error => {
//发生错误时执行的代码
console.log('异常响应')
console.log(error)
})
})
}
}
</script>